Knut Aukland (28 March 1929 – 24 January 2014) was a
Norwegian physiologist
Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical a ...
. He made significant contributions to
renal physiology, particularly in fields of
renal blood flow measurement and regulation and transcapillary
fluid balance, through his studies of
blood circulation in the kidneys.
Education
Aukland
finished his secondary in
Mandal
A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administr ...
in 1948 and took the
Candidate of Medicine degree at the
University of Bergen in 1954.
Medical career
Knut Aukland began his career as a
research fellow at
Ullevål Hospital
Ullevaal Stadion () is an all-seater football stadium located in Oslo, Norway. It is the home ground of the Norway national football team, and the site of the Norwegian Cup Final. From its opening in 1926 to 2009 it was the home ground of FK ...
in 1958, and was a researcher the rest of his career, except for a year as a physician from 1961 to 1962. He then worked at the
National Institute of Health in
Bethesda, Maryland. Back in Norway he took the
Doctor Medicinae degree in 1965 with the thesis ''Studies on intrarenal circulation with special reference to gas exchange''.
Aukland was a professor at the
University of Bergen from 1970. He became an honorary member of the
American Physiological Society in 1982, fellow of the
Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1986 and won the Fridtjof Nansen Excellent Research Award in Science in 2002.
Publications
* ''Renal oxygen tension'' (sm.m. J. Krog), i ''Nature,'' vol. 188, London 1960, p. 671
* ''Renal sodium transport and oxygen consumption'' (sm.m.
F. Kiil og H. Refsum), i ''American Journal of Physiology,''vol. 201, Bethesda 1961, pp. 511–516
* ''Measurement of local blood flow with hydrogen gas'' (sm.m. B. F. Bower og R. W. Berliner), i ''Circulation Research'', vol. 14, Hagerstown 1964, pp. 164–187
* ''Studies on intrarenal circulation with special reference to gas exchange'',
PhD PHD or PhD may refer to:
* Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), an academic qualification
Entertainment
* '' PhD: Phantasy Degree'', a Korean comic series
* ''Piled Higher and Deeper'', a web comic
* Ph.D. (band), a 1980s British group
** Ph.D. (Ph.D. albu ...
UiO, 1965
* ''Tubular salt and water transport in hydrated dogs studied with push-flow technique'' 1966
* ''Effect of adrenaline, noradrenaline, angiotensin and renal nerve stimulation on intrarenal distribution of blood flow in dogs'', i ''Acta Physiologica Scandinavica'', vol. 72, Stockholm 1968, p. 498–509
* ''Protein concentration of interstitial fluid collected from rat skin by a wick method'' (sm.m. H. O. Fadnes), ibid. vol. 88, Stockholm 1973, pp. 350–358
* ''A colloid osmometer for small fluid samples'' (sm.m. H. M. Johnsen), ibid. vol. 90, Stockholm 1974, pp. 485–490
* ''Effect of L-NAME on glomerular filtration rate in deep and superficial layers of rat kidneys'' 1997
* ''Micropuncture measurement of interstitial fluid pressure in rat subcutis and skeletal muscle: Comparison to wick-in-needle technique'' (sm.m. H. Wiig og R. K. Reed), i ''Microvascular Research,'' vol. 21, New York, 1981, pp. 308–319
* ''Skimming of microspheres in vitro: implications for measurement of intrarenal blood flow'' 1981
* ''Interstitial fluid volume: local regulatory mechanisms.,'' (sm.m. G. Nicolaysen), i ''Physiolological Reviews,'' vol. 61, Baltimore 1981, pp. 556–643
* ''Protein concentration of lymph and interstitial fluid in the rat tail'' 1984
* ''Hemodynamics and interstitial fluid pressure in the rat tail'' 1984
Renal autoregulation: models combining tubuloglomerular feedback and myogenic response1987
* ''Measurement of interstitial fluid pressure in dogs: evaluation of methods'' 1987
* ''Distribution volumes and macromolecular mobility in rat tail tendon interstitium'' 1991
* ''Interstitial-lymphatic mechanisms in the control of extracellular fluid volume'' (sm.m. R. K. Reed), ibid. vol 73, Baltimore 1993, pp. 1–78
* ''Repeatable measurement of local and zonal GFR in the rat kidney with aprotinin'' (sm.m. O. Tenstad og H. E. Williamson), i ''Acta Physiologica Scandinavica,'' vol. 152, London 1994, pp. 21–31
* ''Renal cortical interstitium and fluid absorption by peritubular capillaries'' 1994
* ''Autoregulation of zonal glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow in spontaneously hypertensive rats'' 1995
* ''Interstitial exclusion of macromolecules studied by graded centrifugation of rat tail tendon'' 1997
* ''Distribution spaces for hyaluronan and albumin in rat tail tendons'' 2001
Isolation of interstitial fluid from rat mammary tumors by a centrifugation method2002
* ''Odd E. Hanssen and the Hanssen method for measurement of single-nephron glomerular filtration rate'' UiB, Bergen 2001
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aukland, Knut
1929 births
2014 deaths
People from Lindesnes
People from Vigmostad
University of Bergen alumni
Norwegian expatriates in the United States
Academic staff of the University of Bergen
Knut
Norwegian physiologists
Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters